Chapter1 : Numbers

Hi everyone! My name is Gloria and we will be learning math through dance! Today, we will be talking about even and odd numbers. So right now, we know that some examples of numbers are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and so on. But we can divide them into 2 categories! Even and Odd. Even numbers are numbers that can be divided into two equal parts, whereas odd numbers are those numbers that cannot be divided into two equal parts. Let’s look at an example. 2. Okay, let’s count up to two. Every time you count, take one step first to the right, then to the left, and back to the right, and so forth. So it goes one, and two. As you can see, we ended up in the same place as we started! This means that two is an even number because all the steps lead you back to where we started! In other words, we took as many steps to the right as we did to the left. So we know that 2 can be divided into two equal parts! 1 right, and one left. Let’s look at another example! 5. One, two, three, four, five. We did not end up in the same place as we started! This means that five is an odd number because you have one step left over. We took 3 steps to the right and two to the left, so we know that 5 cannot be divided into two equal parts.

Hi everyone! Today, we will be talking about more types of numbers. Last lesson, we only talked about positive numbers, or numbers that are greater than 0, and split them into even and odd. Today, we will also be talking about negative numbers. Negative numbers have a minus sign in front, which looks like a dash (motion dash). To better understand this, let’s stretch out our arms. Your right arm is in the positive direction. This means that the right arm has all the positive numbers, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and so on. Your body is zero. While people who study math are still trying to figure zero out, we will think about zero as neither positive nor negative. Your left arm is in the negative direction, which means that it will have all the negative numbers, -1, -2, and so on. Okay, so now, let’s take an example, 3, and see where it is on this line. First, we know that 3 is a positive number since we do not see a dash in front of the number. So we know that we will be going to the right, three steps. This is where three is. Okay, let’s move back to zero. Now, let’s look at -5. Because this is a negative number with a minus sign, we will be taking five steps to the left. Here is where -5 is.

In the last video, we looked at where positive, zero, and negative numbers are in an imaginary line we created with our arms. But how do you know which number is bigger? -5 or 3? There are three rules to remember. Rule number 1: Positive numbers are always bigger than negative numbers. So 3 is bigger than -5. But what if we have two negative numbers or two positive numbers? How do we know which number is bigger? The second rule is that for positive numbers, the number that is farther away from zero—your starting point—is the bigger number. For example, let’s compare 2 and 4. For 2, you take two steps to the positive side, which is the right. And for number 4, you take 4 steps to the right. Now, which number is located farther away from 0? Correct, it is 4. So we know that 4 is bigger than 2. Now, for negative numbers, it is the exact opposite. Rule number 3: the number that is closer to zero, your starting point, is the bigger number. For example, let’s compare -2 and -4. For -2, you take two steps to the negative side, which is the left. And for -4, you take 4 steps to the left. Now, which number is closer to zero? Correct, it is -2. So we know that -2 is greater than -4.

Hi everyone! Today we will be talking about fractions. Fractions are a way of showing a part of a whole. It has a symbol that looks like a dash, with a number on top and a number on bottom. We can call the number on bottom the denominator—it shows us the whole. The number on top is the numerator—this is only part of the whole. For example, if someone says he ate ⅔ of an apple basket, we know that 3, the denominator, is the number of apples in the whole basket, and 2, the numerator, is the part of apples he ate from the whole basket. To better understand this, let's look at some examples. Here, there are six people, but only one person is dancing. So, this shows us the fraction 1 out of 6 since there are 6 people in the whole room while only 1 person is dancing out of the 6 people. Let’s look at another example: there are now seven people in the room, but only three are dancing, so we can say that three out of seven people are dancing.